Nancy Kulp

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Nancy Kulp
Nancy Kulp Circa 1960s.jpg
Born (1921-08-28)August 28, 1921
Where Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA
Died February 3, 1991(1991-02-03) (aged 69)
Where Palm Desert, California, USA[1][2]
Gender {{{gender}}}
Years Active 1951–89
Roles {{{roles}}}
Parents Marjorie C. and Robert Tilden Kulp
Spouse Charles M. Dacus (m. 1951; div. 1961)
Birth Name Nancy Jane Kulp
Occupation {{{occupation}}}
Appearances
First Appearance: {{{first}}}

Last Appearance: {{{last}}}


Nancy Jane Kulp (August 28, 1921 – February 3, 1991) was an American character actress best known as Miss Jane Hathaway on the popular CBS television series The Beverly Hillbillies.

Early life[edit | edit source]

Kulp was born to Marjorie C. (née Snyder) and Robert Tilden Kulp in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. She was their only child. Kulp's father was a traveling salesman, and her mother was a school teacher and, later, a principal.[3] The family moved from Mifflintown, Pennsylvania, to Miami-Dade County, sometime before 1935.[4]

In 1943 Kulp graduated with a bachelor's degree in journalism from Florida State University,[5] which was then known as Florida State College for Women, and she started pursuing a master's degree in English and French at the University of Miami. She was a member of the Pi Beta Phi sorority. Early in the 1940s she worked as a feature writer for the Miami Beach Tropics newspaper, writing profiles of celebrities, including Clark Gable and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor.[6][7]

Kulp left the University of Miami in 1944 to volunteer for service in the US Naval Reserve (WAVES) during World War II. While on active duty Ltjg. Kulp received several decorations, including the American Campaign Medal. She left the service in 1946.

Career[edit | edit source]

Film[edit | edit source]

Kulp moved to Hollywood, not long after she married Charles Malcolm Dacus (in April 1951), to work in a studio publicity department, where director George Cukor convinced her that she should work in front of a camera. In The Model and the Marriage Broker she made her film debut as a character actress.[8] She then appeared in other films, including Shane,[9] Sabrina,[10] and A Star is Born.[11] After working in television on The Bob Cummings Show, Kulp returned to movies in Forever,[12] The Three Faces of Eve,[13] The Parent Trap,[14] Who's Minding the Store?,[15] and The Aristocats.[16] In 1966, she appeared as Wilhemina Peterson in the film The Night of the Grizzly, starring Clint Walker and Martha Hyer.[17]

Television[edit | edit source]

[[wikipedia:File:Max Baer Jr, Nancy Kulp and Sharon Tate in The Beverly Hillbillies, The Giant Jackrabbit episode.jpg|thumb|right|Kulp (center) with Max Baer Jr. and Sharon Tate in The Beverly Hillbillies, 1965|]] In 1955, Kulp joined the cast of The Bob Cummings Show (Love That Bob) with Bob Cummings, portraying pith-helmeted neighborhood bird watcher Pamela Livingstone. In 1956, she appeared in the episode "Johnny Bravo" of the ABC/Warner Brothers series Cheyenne, with Clint Walker. Kulp appeared in 1955–1956 as Anastasia in three episodes of the NBC sitcom It's a Great Life. In 1958, she appeared in Orson Welles' little known pilot episode The Fountain of Youth in the TV series Colgate Theatre. In 1960, she appeared as Emma St. John in the episode "Kill with Kindness" of the ABC/WB detective series, Bourbon Street Beat, starring Andrew Duggan.

Kulp appeared in the 1956 episode titled "Lucy Meets the Queen", of I Love Lucy. In that episode, she portrayed an English maid, showing Lucy and Ethel how to curtsy properly before the Queen. Kulp also appeared in episodes of The Real McCoys, Perry Mason ("The Case of the Prodigal Parent", 1958), The Jack Benny Program ("Don's 27th Anniversary with Jack"), 87th Precinct ("Killer's Choice"), Pete and Gladys, The Twilight Zone (as Mrs. Gann in "The Fugitive"), and The Outlaws ("The Dark Sunrise of Griff Kincaid"). She played a housekeeper in a pilot for The William Bendix Show, which aired as the 1960–61 season finale of CBS's Mister Ed under the episode titled "Pine Lake Lodge".

In 1962, Kulp landed her breakout role of Jane Hathaway, the love-starved, bird-watching, perennial spinster on CBS's The Beverly Hillbillies television series. She remained with the show until its cancellation in 1971. In 1967, she received an Emmy Award nomination for her role.[18] In 1978, she appeared on The Love Boat in the episode titled "Mike and Ike / The Witness / The Kissing Bandit" and she played Aunt Gertrude in the episode titled "Tony and Julie / Separate Beds / America's Sweetheart". On April 7, 1989, she played a nun in the Quantum Leap season 1 episode "The Right Hand of God". Kulp appeared on The Brian Keith Show and Sanford and Son.

Kulp was once described as television's most homely girl or, as one reviewer put it, possessing the "face of a shriveled balloon, the figure of a string of spaghetti, and the voice of a bullfrog in mating season." Others described her as tall and prim and praised her comedic skills.[7]

Theatre[edit | edit source]

Kulp also performed in the Broadway production of Morning's at Seven in 1980 to 1981 as Aaronetta Gibbs as a replacement for Elizabeth Wilson[19] in the Lyceum Theatre.[20]

Politics, academia and retirement[edit | edit source]

In 1984, after working with the Democratic state committee in her home state of Pennsylvania "on a variety of projects" over a period of years, Kulp ran unopposed as the Democratic nominee for the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district.[21] As an opponent of Republican incumbent, Bud Shuster, in a Republican district, Kulp was the underdog.

Sixty-two years old at the time, Kulp said some people might feel her background as an actress was "frivolous", but she noted that Ronald Reagan had taken the route from screen to politics and she said anyone who "listens and cares" can do well.[21]

To her dismay, Hillbillies co-star Buddy Ebsen called the Shuster campaign and volunteered to make a radio campaign ad in which he called Kulp "too liberal."[22] Kulp said of Ebsen, "He's not the kindly old Jed Clampett that you saw on the show... It's none of his business and he should have stayed out of it." She said Ebsen and she "didn't get along because I found him difficult to work with. But I never would have done something like this to him." Garnering 59,449 votes, or just 33.6% to Shuster's 117,203 votes and 66.4%, she lost.[23]

After her defeat, she worked at Juniata College, a private liberal arts college in Huntingdon, as an artist-in-residence.[24] Later she taught acting.

Personal life[edit | edit source]

Kulp married Charles Malcolm Dacus on April 1, 1951, in Dade County; they divorced in 1961.[25] She retired, first to a farm in Connecticut and later to Palm Springs and became involved in several charity organizations, including the Humane Society of the Desert, the Desert Theatre League and United Cerebral Palsy.[5] Later in life, Kulp indicated to author Boze Hadleigh in a 1989 interview that she was a lesbian. "As long as you reproduce my reply word for word, and the question, you may use it.... I'd appreciate it if you'd let me phrase the question. There is more than one way. Here's how I would ask it: 'Do you think that opposites attract?' My own reply would be that I'm the other sort – I find that birds of a feather flock together. That answers your question."[26]

Death[edit | edit source]

Kulp was diagnosed with cancer in 1990, for which she received chemotherapy. By 1991, the cancer had spread, and she died on February 3 at a friend's home in Palm Desert.[6][27] Her remains are interred at Westminster Presbyterian Cemetery in Mifflintown.[28]

Filmography[edit | edit source]

Film[edit | edit source]

Year Title Role Notes
1951 The Model and the Marriage Broker Hazel Gingras Romantic comedy film directed by George Cukor.[8]
1952 The Marrying Kind Edie Comedy-drama film directed by George Cukor.[29]
Steel Town Dolores Drama film directed by George Sherman.[30]
1953 Shane Mrs. Howells
The Caddy Emma Comedymusicalsports film directed by Norman Taurog.[32]
Here Come the Girls Washwoman Musical–comedy film directed by Claude Binyon[33] & filmed in technicolor.
1954 Sabrina Jenny, maid
A Star is Born Woman in rooming house
1955 The Shrike Mrs. Coleman
Not as a Stranger Deirdre
You're Never Too Young Marty's Mother Comedy film directed by Norman Taurog.[42]
Count Three and Pray Matty Miller Western film directed by George Sherman.[43]
1956 Forever Amy Romantic comedy film with fantasy overtones directed by Alexander Hall.[12]
Anything Goes A bobby soxer
1957 God Is My Partner Maxine Spelvana Drama film directed by William F. Claxton and written by Charles F. Royal.[46]
The Three Faces of Eve Mrs. Black
Shoot-Out at Medicine Bend Cleaning Woman Western film directed by Richard L. Bare.[50]
Kiss Them for Me WAVE Telephone Operator
1958 The High Cost of Loving Miss Matthews, Cave's Secretary
1959 Five Gates to Hell Susette Adventure film written, produced, and directed by James Clavell.[54]
1961 The Last Time I Saw Archie Miss Willoughby
The Parent Trap Miss Grunecker
The Two Little Bears Emily Wilkins Comedy film directed by Randall Hood.[57]
1962 Moon Pilot Space Flight Nutritionist
1963 Who's Minding the Store? Emily Rothgraber Comedy film directed by Frank Tashlin and starring Jerry Lewis.[15]
1964 The Patsy Helen, Theatergoer Comedy film directed by and starring Jerry Lewis.[60]
1965 Strange Bedfellows Aggressive Woman Comedy film directed by Melvin Frank.[61]
1966 The Night of the Grizzly Wilhelmina Peterson Western–adventure film directed by Joseph Pevney.[17]
1970 The Aristocats Frou-Frou Animated musical adventure-comedy film directed by Wolfgang Reitherman.[16]

Television[edit | edit source]

Year Title Role Notes
1954 Lux Video Theatre Daisy Episode: "To Each His Own" (S 5:Ep 1)
Topper Template:CGuest Episode: "The Seance" (S 2:Ep 4)
December Bride Louella Episode: "Lily Hires a Maid" (S 1:Ep 9)
1955–1959 The Bob Cummings Show Pamela Livingstone Template:CRecurring
1955 It's a Great Life Mrs. Bell Episode: "The Missing Stamp" (S 1:Ep 20)
The Life of Riley Charlotte Lindsay Episode: "Love Comes to Waldo Binney" (S 4:Ep 4)
Svengali and the Blonde Honorine Made-for-TV-Movie musical written and directed by Alan Handley.[62][63][64]
Schlitz Playhouse Template:CGuest Episode: "Meet Mr. Justice" (S 4:Ep 45)
Topper Mrs. Bandle Episode: "The Neighbors" (S 2:Ep 35)
TV Reader's Digest Ruth Episode: "Around the Horn to Matrimony" (S 1:Ep 19)
Schlitz Playhouse Template:CGuest Episode: "The Girl Who Scared Men Off" (S 5:Ep 4)
The Life of Riley Charlotte Lindsay Episode: "Waldo's Mother" (S 4:Ep 15)
It's a Great Life Gloria Episode: "The Crystal Ball" (S 2: Ep 12)
General Electric Theater Miss Lamb Episode: "The Seeds of Hate" (S 4:Ep 11)
1956 It's a Great Life Anastasia Episode: "Beauty Contest" (S 2:Ep 18)
I Love Lucy Maid Episode: "Lucy Meets the Queen" (S 5:Ep 15)
Navy Log Template:CGuest Episode: "Web Feet" (S 1:Ep 23)
It's a Great Life Girl Episode: "Kid Sister" (S 2:Ep 30)
Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside Theatre Template:CGuest Episode: "Shoot the Moon" (S 1:Ep 30)
December Bride Florence Episode: "Lily the Matchmaker" (S 2:Ep 30)
Cheyenne Waitress Episode: "Johnny Bravo" (S 1:Ep 14)
The Gale Storm Show Helga Petersen Episode: "Passenger Incognito" (S 1:Ep 3)
Our Miss Brooks Lucretia Hannibal Template:CRecurring
The 20th Century Fox Hour Miss Gillis Episode: "The Hefferan Family" (S 1:Ep 18)
The Red Skelton Show Witch Episode: "The Magic Shoes" (S 6:Ep 5)
The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet Nancy Episode: "The Balloons" (S 5:Ep 9)
Alfred Hitchcock Presents Nurse Episode: "Jonathan" (S 2:Ep 10)
1957 Date with the Angels Dolly Cates Template:CRecurring
The Thin Man Desk clerk
1958 The Loretta Young Show Helen Episode: "Dear Milkman" (S 5:Ep 15)
Perry Mason Backwoods Housekeeper Episode: "The Case of the Lazy Lover" (S 1:Ep 35)
Cheyenne Waitress
Perry Mason Sarah Winslow Episode: "The Case of the Prodigal Parent" (S1:Ep 36)
Colgate Theatre Template:CGuest
Stella Morgan
The Real McCoys Harriet Reynolds Episode: "The Dancin' Fool" (S 2:Ep 4)
77 Sunset Strip Landlady Episode: "Casualty" (S 1:Ep 4)
1959 December Bride Librarian Episode: "The Hi-Fi Show" (S 5:Ep 20)
The Dennis O'Keefe Show Miss Mansfield Episode: "Teacher's Pest" (S 1:Ep 2)
Playhouse 90 Leona Episode: "A Marriage of Strangers" (S 3:Ep 32)
Perry Mason Katherine Collins Episode: "The Case of the Deadly Toy" (S 2:Ep 27
Maverick Waitress
Sunday Showcase Girl at Well Episode: "The Milton Berle Special" (S 1:Ep 7)
1960 Bourbon Street Beat Emma St. John Episode: "Kill with Kindness" (S 1:Ep 14)
The Gale Storm Show Gertrude Episode: "Captain Courageous" (S 4:Ep 22)
The Comedy Spot[68] Template:CGuest
  • Episode: "Adventures of a Model"
  • Directed by Norman Tokar.[66]
1961 Shirley Temple's Storybook Guardian Episode: "The Little Mermaid" (S 2:Ep 22)
Mister Ed Martha Episode: "Pine Lake Lodge" (S 1:Ep 25)
Pete and Gladys Miss Hotchkiss Episode: "Gladys' Political Campaign" (S 1:Ep 16)
The Jack Benny Program Elocution Teacher Episode: "Don's 27th Anniversary with Jack" (S 11:Ep 13)
1962 Outlaws Jennifer Veasy Episode: "The Dark Sunrise of Griff Kincaid" (S 2:Ep 13)
Pete and Gladys Vickie Episode: "Office Wife" (S 2:Ep 24)
87th Precinct Miss Fitzhenry Episode: "Killer's Choice" (S 1:Ep 23)
The Twilight Zone Agnes Gann Episode: "The Fugitive" (S 3:Ep 25)
The Danny Thomas Show Mrs. Keltner Episode: "The P.T.A. Bash" (S 9:Ep 19)
The Joey Bishop Show Template:CGuest Episode: "A Man's Best Friend" (S 1:Ep 21)
My Three Sons Miss Harris Episode: "Robbie Valentino" (S 2:Ep 21)
General Electric Theater Miss Lamb Episode: "The Free Wheelers" (S 10:Ep 22)
My Three Sons Miss Fisher Episode: "The Big Game" (S 2:Ep 24)
The Jack Benny Program Jeanette Episode: "Alexander Hamilton Show" (S 12:Ep 20)
King of Diamonds Sergeant Vadolski Episode: "Backlash" (S 1:Ep 22)
Hawaiian Eye Edie Barnes Episode: "'V' is for Victim"
The Comedy Spot[68] Woman Episode: "The Soft Touch"
Ernestine Woman Made-for-TV-Movie directed by Sidney Salkow.[69]
The Lucy Show Jane Corey Episode: "Lucy Becomes an Astronaut"
1962–71 The Beverly Hillbillies Jane Hathaway Contract role
1963 77 Sunset Strip Eloise Episode: "The Checkmate Caper" (S 5:Ep 35)
1968 Petticoat Junction Jane Hathaway Episode: "A Cake from Granny"
1971 Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In Template:CGuest Episode: "Ver-r-r-ry Interesting"[70]
1973–74 The Brian Keith Show Mrs. Gruber Template:CRecurring
1975–76 Sanford and Son May Hopkins Template:CRecurring
1978 The Love Boat Gert Epispde: "Mike and Ike / The Witness / The Kissing Bandi" (S 2:Ep 6)
1979 CHiPs Herself
The Love Boat Sylvia McTigue Episode: "The Spider Serenade, The / Next Door Wife / Harder They Fall" (S 3:Ep 15)
1981 Aunt Gert Episode: "Tony and Julie / Separate Beds / America's Sweetheart" (S 4:Ep 27)
Return of the Beverly Hillbillies Jane Hathaway Made-for-TV-Movie directed by Robert M. Leeds.[71]
1983 The Wilder Summer Camp Director Made-for-TV-Movie directed by Deborah Reinisch.
Fantasy Island Mrs. Potroy Episode: "Revenge of the Forgotten / Charo" (S 6:Ep 14)
1986 Simon & Simon Shirley Graham Episode: "Still Phil After All These Years" (S 6:Ep 3)
Scarecrow and Mrs. King Dr. Claudia Joyce Episode: "Billy's Lost Weekend" (S 4:Ep 7)
1989 Quantum Leap Sister Sarah Episode: "The Right Hand of God" (S 1:Ep 4)
ABC Afterschool Special Aurora

Theatre[edit | edit source]

Year Title Role Venue Notes
1980–81 Morning's at Seven Aaronetta Gibbs Lyceum Theatre (April 10, 1980 – August 16, 1981)

Awards and nominations[edit | edit source]

List of acting awards and nominations
Year Award Category Title Role Result Ref.
1967 Primetime Emmy Award Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series The Beverly Hillbillies Jane Hathaway Nominated [18]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. "Obituary: Nancy Kulp". Arrange Online. [[wikipedia:Jonesboro, Arkansas|]]: Continental Computer Corporation. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 
  2. "Obituary: Nancy Kulp". [[wikipedia:Los Angeles Times|]]. [[wikipedia:Los Angeles|]]: tronc, Inc. January 21, 2000. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 
  3. 1930 U.S. Federal Census Record, viewed on Ancestry.com on 7 June 2010.
  4. US Federal Census Record, viewed on Ancestry.com on June 7, 2010.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Associated Press Staff (February 4, 1991). "Nancy Kulp, Who Played Secretary on 'Beverly Hillbillies,' Dies". [[wikipedia:Los Angeles Times|]] ([[wikipedia:Los Angeles|]]: tronc, Inc.). http://articles.latimes.com/1991-02-04/entertainment/ca-670_1_beverly-hillbillies. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  6. 6.0 6.1 Associated Press Staff (February 5, 1991). "Nancy Kulp, 69, Dies; Film and TV Actress". [[wikipedia:The New York Times|]] ([[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:The New York Times Company|]]). https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/05/obituaries/nancy-kulp-69-dies-film-and-tv-actress.html. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 "Nancy Kulp; Foil in 'Beverly Hillbillies'". [[wikipedia:Los Angeles Times|]]. [[wikipedia:Los Angeles|]]: tronc, Inc. January 21, 2000. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 
  8. 8.0 8.1 "The Model and the Marriage Broker". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  9. 9.0 9.1 "Shane". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  10. 10.0 10.1 "Sabrina 1954". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 "A Star is Born 1954". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  12. 12.0 12.1 "Forever, Darling". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  13. 13.0 13.1 "The Three Faces of Eve". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  14. 14.0 14.1 "The Parent Trap". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  15. 15.0 15.1 "Who's Minding the Store?". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  16. 16.0 16.1 "The Aristocats". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  17. 17.0 17.1 "The Night of the Grizzly". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  18. 18.0 18.1 "19th Emmy Awards Nominees and Winners". Emmys. [[wikipedia:North Hollywood, Los Angeles|]]: [[wikipedia:Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|]]. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  19. 19.0 19.1 "Nancy Kulp". [[wikipedia:Internet Broadway Database|]]. [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:The Broadway League|]]. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  20. 20.0 20.1 "Morning's at Seven". [[wikipedia:Internet Broadway Database|]]. [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:The Broadway League|]]. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  21. 21.0 21.1 [[wikipedia:Associated Press|]] Staff (February 2, 1984). "CAMPAIGN NOTES - Actress in Pennsylvania To Run for Congress". [[wikipedia:The New York Times|]]. [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:The New York Times Company|]]. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 
  22. "Feudin' Hillbillies. Jed Clampett Opposes Miss Hathaway's House Bid". [[wikipedia:The Palm Beach Post|]] ([[wikipedia:West Palm Beach, Florida|]]: [[wikipedia:Cox Enterprises|]]). November 4, 1984. https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1964&dat=19841102&id=jqdUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hjsNAAAAIBAJ&pg=6266,1161853. Retrieved December 12, 2014. 
  23. "Former 'Hillbilly' Loses". [[wikipedia:The New York Times|]] ([[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:The New York Times Company|]]). November 8, 1984. https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9905E4D71039F93BA35752C1A962948260. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  24. "Kulp Goes From Miss Hathaway to Pennsylvania College Professor". [[wikipedia:The Ledger|]] ([[wikipedia:Lakeland, Florida|]]: New Media Investment Group). November 29, 1985. https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1346&dat=19851129&id=we4vAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hPsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5453,6414031. Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  25. Marriage license on Ancestry.com, which cites the marriage of Nancy Jane Kulp and Charles Malcolm Dacus as occurring in Dade County, Florida, in 1951. The marriage certificate number is 1315 and is held in Volume 7097.
  26. Hadleigh, Boze (1994). Hollywood Lesbians. [[wikipedia:Fort Lee, New Jersey|]]: [[wikipedia:Barricade Books|]]. ISBN 978-1569800140. https://www.amazon.com/Hollywood-Lesbians-Boze-Hadleigh/dp/1569800146. 
  27. Johns 2004, p. 126.
  28. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named find
  29. "The Marrying Kind". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  30. "Steel Town". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  31. Schaefer, Jack (1983). Shane (Paperback ed.). [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:Bantam Books|]]. ISBN 978-0553271102. https://www.amazon.com/Shane-Jack-Schaefer/dp/0553271105. 
  32. "The Caddy". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  33. "Here Come the Girls". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  34. Sikov 1998, p. 350.
  35. Taylor, Samuel A. (1954). Sabrina Fair; or, A woman of the world. A romantic comedy. [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:Random House|]]. ASIN B0007DMD5U. OCLC 399520. https://www.amazon.com/Sabrina-Fair-Woman-World-Romantic/dp/B0007DMD5U. 
  36. "Sabrina 1995". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  37. "A Star is Born 1937". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  38. "The Shrike". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  39. Kramm 1998, p. 3.
  40. "Not as a Stranger". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  41. Thompson, Morton (1976). Not As a Stranger (1954 Reissue ed.). [[wikipedia:Cutchogue, New York|]]: Buccaneer Books Inc.. ISBN 978-1568491189. https://www.amazon.com/Not-As-Stranger-Morton-Thompson/dp/1568491182. 
  42. "You're Never Too Young". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  43. "Count Three and Pray". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  44. "Anything Goes". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  45. Davis 1993, p. 6.
  46. "God Is My Partner". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  47. Thigpen, Corbett H.; Cleckley, Hervey M. (1992). The Three Faces of Eve (Revised ed.). [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:McGraw-Hill Education|]]. ISBN 978-0911238518. https://www.amazon.com/Three-Faces-Eve-Corbett-Thigpen/dp/0911238514.  [Translated into 27 languages]
  48. Bliss 1986, p. 263.
  49. Smith 2000, p. 244.
  50. "Shoot-Out at Medicine Bend". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  51. "Kiss Them for Me". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  52. LIFE 1945, p. 62.
  53. "The High Cost of Loving". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  54. "Five Gates to Hell". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  55. "The Last Time I Saw Archie". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  56. Kästner, Erich (2015). Lottie and Lisa (Reissue ed.). [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: Lizzie Skurnick Books. ISBN 978-1939601339. https://www.amazon.com/Lisa-Lottie-Erich-Kastner/dp/1939601339. 
  57. "The Two Little Bears". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  58. "Moon Pilot". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  59. Buckner, Robert (1960). Starfire. [[wikipedia:New York City|]]: [[wikipedia:Permabooks|]]. ASIN B0007F15XE. https://www.amazon.com/Starfire-Permabooks-Robert-Buckner/dp/B0007F15XE. 
  60. "The Patsy". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
  61. "Strange Bedfellows". [[wikipedia:Turner Classic Movies|]]. [[wikipedia:Atlanta|]]: [[wikipedia:Turner Broadcasting System|]] ([[wikipedia:Time Warner|]]). Retrieved September 7, 2016. 
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